Cancer : Types, Symptoms, Causes, Prevention and Diagnosis

World Cancer Day[ I Am and I Will ]

Cancer: A Complete Guideline  

World Cancer Day is celebrated all over the world. This day is special because people are made aware of cancer on this day. World Cancer Day is observed every year on 4 February. This day is celebrated internationally to prevent this disease and spread awareness. Making people aware of cancer. So that they can recognize the symptoms as quickly as possible and avoid this deadly disease. The goal of celebrating this day is to reduce misconceptions spread about cancer. Government and non-governmental organizations organize camps, lectures, seminars etc. for the prevention of cancer. Every year on World Cancer Day a special theme (I Am and I Will) is used to make it more and more successful.

What is Cancer?

The disorder of abnormal growth of cells is called cancer. In this disease, cells start growing uncontrollably and disorderly which are not part of the normal developmental system of the body. According to experts, abnormal changes or mutations in DNA cause most types of cancer. w.h.o. According to cancer is the second largest cause of mortality worldwide. 

Types of cancer

Depending on the origin of the cancer, the cancer can be divided into the following types:

1. Carcinoma
2. Sarcoma
3. Leukemia
4. Lymphoma

Apart from this, according to the part of the cancer in the body, cancer can be divided by the following names.

1. Cervical cancer
2. Oral cancer
3. Uterine cancer
4. Breast Cancer
5. Womb cancer
6. Ovary cancer
7. Blood cancer
8. colon cancer
9. lung cancer
10. Colon cancer
11. Throat cancer
12. Liver cancer
13. Skin cancer
14. Bladder cancer
15. Brain cancer
16. kidney cancer
17. Pancreatic cancer
18. Testicular cancer
19. Vaginal cancer
20. Endometrial cancer

How to identify the symptoms of cancer?

What are the early symptoms of cancer and how to identify it?

Also read: Do not forget to consider silent heart attack as acidity, learn its symptoms.

Symptoms may also vary according to which part of the body the cancer has occurred. Apart from this, some specific symptoms can also be seen which depend on the type of cancer and the location of the cancer such as-

1. Sudden body weight
2. Feeling tired and weak
3. Frequent bruising in any part of the skin
4. Feeling lumps under the skin
5. Difficulty in breathing for a month or so
6. Early skin scars
7. Loss of appetite
8. Recurrent fever
9. Muscle and joint pain
10. Slow healing of wounds
11. Recurrent infection
12. Digestive diseases such as diarrhea or constipation
13. Change in voice

Causes that increase the risk of Cancer

First of all, we will know why cancer occurs? Cancer is usually caused by some changes or mutations in the DNA. In simple language, DNA is called the brain of cells, which instructs them to do multiplication. When there is a defect in these instructions, the cells start to grow uncontrollably and as a result cancer develops. 

There are also some substances that can cause cancer. They are called carcinogens. Carcinogen is considered one of the leading causes of cancer. Apart from this, human papilloma virus can also cause cancer in some cases. There are some other carcinogens that, along with factors like diet and health, can cause cancer.

The most main risk factors for cancer include the following:

1. Long-term consumption of tobacco or products made from it, such as cigarettes, etc., can cause cancer of the mouth and lungs.
2. Consuming alcohol for a long time can cause liver cancer.
3. Unhealthy foods and refined foods that are low in fiber can increase the risk of colon cancer.
4. Certain types of hormones can also cause cancer, such as increased testosterone levels, prostate cancer and increased levels of estrogen can increase the risk of breast cancer.
5. Even with aging, there is a risk of getting some types of cancer like- colon cancer, breast cancer and prostate cancer etc.
6. Having a cancer earlier in the family can also increase its risk. Most of the cases of breast cancer are seen in it.
7.  Being exposed to ultraviolet rays for a long time and exposure to radiation due to repeated x-rays also increases the risk of cancer.
8. Obesity also increases the risk of cancer. Eating a high-fat diet and reducing physical activity makes the body worse, resulting in an increased risk of cancer.

Cancer Prevention and Diagnosis

How to prevent cancer?

Cancer development can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle and reducing risk factors. 

The following are some ways to prevent cancer-

1. Do not smoke
2. Do not drink alcohol
3. Reduced exposure to sunlight.
4. Take a fiber-rich diet and do not take too much fat in the diet.
5. Do not eat canned food prepared outside.
6. Exercise regularly.
7. Maintain normal body weight.
8. Check your BMI daily.
9. If the skin starts becoming blue or any wound is not healing or if there is a disease for a long time, talk to the doctor about it.
10. Get all the vaccines done regularly. The human papillomavirus vaccine protects against the development of cervical cancer, hepatitis B vaccine should also be applied as hepatitis B can cause liver cancer.

How is cancer tested?

For the test of cancer, doctors recommend to get some tests done, on the basis of which the cancer is confirmed.

1. Physical test
2. lab test : CBC, ESR, KFT, LFT
3. Imaging test : X-RAY, CT Scan, MRI, PET Scan, SPECT Scan and USG Scan 
4. Biopsy

When to visit a doctor?

If you feel any of the symptoms mentioned then it is better to talk to the doctor as soon as possible because it is possible to prevent some symptoms of cancer in the early stage. However, it is possible to treat cancer in two ways-

1. Surgical: In this, part of the cells growing due to uneven rop is removed. This process is done by biopsy technology.

2. Non-Surgical: In this, chemotherapy procedure is used. In chemotherapy, with the help of special types of drugs, the cells growing asymptomatic are destroyed. Apart from this, radiotherapy has also been used, in which the tumor or abnormal growing fat is destroyed with the help of gamma radiation.

This treatment is out of the reach of everyone due to its expensive. So cancer can be avoided by identifying symptoms at the initial stage.

Note:-

It is important to note that not all symptoms of cancer are seen in the patient. Some people suddenly start showing symptoms in the late stages of cancer, while some people do not feel any symptoms and when they are examined for any other health problem they come to know that they are suffering from cancer. That is why a doctor should be consulted even if you feel the least symptoms of cancer.